Get Started with Ruby

Ruby Sinatra

Get Started with Ruby Using Sinatra Framework

Start by signing up for a free trial account that you can use to experiment with and learn about our services. The free trial account comes with free credits, and you can add more as you go along. You can also add a phone number to your account to start testing the full range of our voice and SMS features. A page in our support portal walks you through the signup process.

You can start making and receiving calls either by using our PHLO visual workflow builder or our APIs and XML documents. Follow the instructions in one of the tabs below.

Using PHLO

Set up Your Ruby dev environment

You must set up and install Ruby, Sinatra, and Plivo’s Ruby SDK before you make your first call.

Install Ruby

On macOS or Linux, see if you already have Ruby installed by running ruby --version in a terminal window. If you don’t have it or want to use a more recent version, you can install it using Homebrew. On Windows, use RubyInstaller.

Install Sinatra

$ gem install sinatra

Install the Plivo Ruby SDK

Create a projects directory and change into it.

$ mkdir myrubyapp
$ cd myrubyapp

Edit your application’s Gemfile and add the line

gem 'plivo', '>= 4.24.0'

Then run

$ bundle

Or install it yourself.

$ gem install plivo

Make your first outbound call

You can create and deploy a PHLO to make an outbound call with a few clicks on the PHLO canvas, and trigger it with some simple code.

Create the PHLO

To create a PHLO, visit the PHLO page of the Plivo console. If this is your first PHLO, the PHLO page will be empty.

• Click Create New PHLO.

• In the Choose your use case pop-up, click Build my own. The PHLO canvas will appear with the Start node.

  Note: The Start node is the starting point of any PHLO. It lets you trigger a PHLO to start upon one of three actions: incoming SMS message, incoming call, or API request.

• From the list of components on the left side, drag and drop the Initiate Call component onto the canvas. When a component is placed on the canvas it becomes a node.

• Draw a line to connect the Start node’s API Request trigger state to the Initiate Call node.

• In the Configuration pane at the right of the canvas, configure the Initiate Call node with a caller ID in the From field. Enter the destination number you wish to call in the To field.

  Note: You can define a static payload by specifying values when you create the PHLO, or define a dynamic payload by passing values through Liquid templating parameters when you trigger the PHLO from your application.

• Once you’ve configured the node, click Validate to save the configuration.

• Similarly, create a node from the Play Audio component. Connect the Initiate Call node to the Play Audio node using the Answered trigger state.

• Configure the Play Audio node to play a message to the user by entering text in the Speak Text box in the Prompt section of the Configuration pane — for example, “Hello, you just received your first call.”

• Connect the Initiate Call node’s Answered trigger state to the Play Audio node.

• After you complete the configuration, give the PHLO a name by clicking in the upper left, then click Save.

Your PHLO is now ready to test.

Trigger the PHLO

You integrate a PHLO into your application workflow by making an API request to trigger the PHLO with the required payload — the set of parameters you pass to the PHLO. You can define a static payload by specifying values when you create the PHLO, or define a dynamic payload by passing values through parameters when you trigger the PHLO from your application.

In either case, you need your Auth ID and Auth Token, which you can get from the overview page of the Plivo console.

You also need the PHLO ID, which you can copy from the PHLO list page.

With a static payload

When you configure values when creating the PHLO, they act as a static payload.

Code

Create a file called trigger_phlo.rb and paste into it this code.

require 'rubygems'
require 'plivo'

include Plivo

AUTH_ID = '<auth_id>'
AUTH_TOKEN = '<auth_token>'

client = Phlo.new(AUTH_ID, AUTH_TOKEN)

# if credentials are stored in the PLIVO_AUTH_ID and the PLIVO_AUTH_TOKEN environment variables
# then initialize client as:
# client = Phlo.new

begin
  phlo = client.phlo.get('<phlo_id>')
  response = phlo.run()
  puts response
rescue PlivoRESTError => e
  puts 'Exception: ' + e.message
end

Replace the auth placeholders with your authentication credentials from the Plivo console. Replace the phlo_id placeholder with your PHLO ID from the Plivo console.

With a dynamic payload

To use dynamic values for the parameters, use Liquid templating parameters when you create the PHLO and pass the values from your code when you trigger it.

Code

Create a file called trigger_phlo.rb and into it this code.

require 'rubygems'
require 'plivo'

include Plivo

AUTH_ID = '<auth_id>'
AUTH_TOKEN = '<auth_token>'

client = Phlo.new(AUTH_ID, AUTH_TOKEN)

# if credentials are stored in the PLIVO_AUTH_ID and the PLIVO_AUTH_TOKEN environment variables
# then initialize client as:
# client = Phlo.new

begin
  phlo = client.phlo.get('<phlo_id>')
  params = {
     from: '<caller_id>',
     to: '<destination_number>'
  }
  response = phlo.run(params)
  puts response
rescue PlivoRESTError => e
  puts 'Exception: ' + e.message
end

Replace the auth placeholders with your authentication credentials from the Plivo console. Replace the phlo_id placeholder with your PHLO ID from the Plivo console. Replace the phone number placeholders with actual phone numbers in E.164 format (for example, [phone]).

Test

Save the file and run it.

$ ruby trigger_phlo.rb

Receive your first inbound call

You can create and deploy a PHLO to receive an inbound call with a few clicks on the PHLO canvas, without writing a single line of code.

Prerequisite

To receive incoming calls, you must have a voice-enabled Plivo phone number. You can rent numbers from the Numbers page of the Plivo console, or by using the Numbers API.

Create the PHLO

To create a PHLO, visit the PHLO page of the Plivo console. If this is your first PHLO, the PHLO page will be empty.

• Click Create New PHLO.
• In the Choose your use case pop-up, click Build my own. The PHLO canvas will appear with the Start node.
  Note: The Start node is the starting point of any PHLO. It lets you trigger a PHLO to start upon one of three actions: incoming SMS message, incoming call, or API request.

• From the list of components on the left side, drag and drop the Play Audio component onto the canvas. When a component is placed on the canvas it becomes a node.
• Draw a line to connect the Start node’s Incoming Call trigger state to the Play Audio node.
• In the Configuration pane at the right of the canvas, configure the Play Audio node to play a message to the caller.
• Once you’ve configured the node, click Validate to save the configuration.
• Give the PHLO a name by clicking in the upper left, then click Save.

Assign the PHLO to a Plivo number

Once you’ve created and configured your PHLO, assign it to a Plivo number.

• On the Numbers page of the console, under Your Numbers, click the phone number you want to use for the PHLO.
• In the Number Configuration box, select PHLO from the Application Type drop-down.
• From the PHLO Name drop-down, select the PHLO you want to use with the number, then click Update Number.

Test

You can now make a call to your Plivo phone number and see how the inbound call is handled.

For more information about creating a PHLO application, see the PHLO Getting Started guide. For information on components and their variables, see the PHLO Components Library.

Forward an inbound call

You can create and deploy a workflow to implement call forwarding with a few clicks on the PHLO canvas.

Prerequisite

To receive incoming calls, you must have a voice-enabled Plivo phone number. You can rent numbers from the Numbers page of the Plivo console, or by using the Numbers API.

Create the PHLO

To create a PHLO, visit the PHLO page of the Plivo console. If this is your first PHLO, the PHLO page will be empty.

• Click Create New PHLO.

• In the Choose your use case pop-up, click Build my own. The PHLO canvas will appear with the Start node.

  Note: The Start node is the starting point of any PHLO. It lets you trigger a PHLO to start upon one of three actions: incoming SMS message, incoming call, or API request.

• From the list of components on the left side, drag and drop the Call Forward component onto the canvas. When a component is placed on the canvas it becomes a node.

• Draw a line to connect the Start node‘s Incoming Call trigger state to the Call Forward node.

• In the Configuration tab at the right of the canvas, configure the Call Forward node to select the From number using a variable. Enter two curly brackets to view all available variables, and choose the appropriate one. Enter all the numbers you want to call in the To field, separated with commas.

• Once you’ve configured the node, click Validate to save the configuration.

• Give the PHLO a name by clicking in the upper left, then click Save.

Assign the PHLO to a Plivo number

Once you’ve created and configured your PHLO, assign your PHLO to a Plivo number.

• On the Numbers page of the console, under Your Numbers, click the phone number you want to use for the PHLO.
• In the Number Configuration box, select PHLO from the Application Type drop-down.
• From the PHLO Name drop-down, select the PHLO you want to use with the phone number, then click Update Number.

Test

You can now call your Plivo phone number and see how the inbound call is forwarded.

For more information about creating a PHLO application, see the PHLO Getting Started guide. For information on components and their variables, see the PHLO Components Library.

More use cases

We illustrate more than 20 use cases with code for both PHLO and API/XML on our documentation pages.

Using XML

Install Ruby, Sinatra, and the Plivo Ruby SDK

You must set up and install Ruby, Sinatra, and Plivo’s Ruby SDK before you make your first call.

Install Ruby

Download and install Ruby from its official site.

Install Sinatra

$ gem install sinatra

Install the Plivo Ruby SDK

Create a projects directory and change into it.

$ mkdir myrubyapp
$ cd myrubyapp

Edit the Gemfile and add this line.

gem 'plivo', '~> 4.24.0'

Then install the Plivo Ruby gem into the bundle.

$ bundle install

Or install it yourself.

$ gem install plivo

Once you’ve set up your development environment, you can start making and receiving calls using our APIs and XML documents. Here are three common use cases to get you started.

Make your first outbound call

Plivo requests an answer URL when the call is answered (step 4) and expects the file at that address to hold a valid XML response from the application with instructions on how to handle the call. To see how this works, you can use https://s3.amazonaws.com/static.plivo.com/answer.xml as an answer URL to test your first outgoing call. The file contains this XML code:

<Response>
<Speak>Congratulations! You've made your first outbound call!</Speak>
</Response>

This code instructs Plivo to say, “Congratulations! You’ve made your first outbound call!” to the call recipient. You can find the entire list of valid Plivo XML verbs in our XML Reference documentation.

Set up a Sinatra server to handle outbound calls

Create a file called Makecall.rb and paste into it this code.

require 'rubygems'
require 'plivo'

include Plivo
include Plivo::Exceptions

api = RestClient.new("<auth_id>","<auth_token>")

begin
  response = api.calls.create(
    '<caller_id>',
    ['<destination_number>'],
    'https://s3.amazonaws.com/static.plivo.com/answer.xml'
  )
  puts response
rescue PlivoRESTError => e
  puts 'Exception: ' + e.message
end

Replace the auth placeholders with your authentication credentials from the Plivo console. Replace the phone number placeholders with actual phone numbers in E.164 format (for example, [phone]).

Note: We recommend that you store your credentials in the auth_id and auth_token environment variables to avoid the possibility of accidentally committing them to source control. If you do this, you can initialize the client with no arguments and Plivo will automatically fetch the values from the environment variables. You can use ENV to store environment variables and retrieve them when initializing the client.

Test

Save the file and run it.

$ ruby Makecall.rb

Receive your first inbound call

Plivo requests an answer URL when it answers the call (step 2) and expects the file at that address to hold a valid XML response from the application with instructions on how to handle the call. In this example, when an incoming call is received, Plivo’s text-to-speech engine plays a message using the Speak XML element.

You must have a voice-enabled Plivo phone number to receive incoming calls; you can rent numbers from the Numbers page of the Plivo console, or by using the Numbers API.

Set up a Sinatra server to handle incoming calls

Create a file called receive_call.rb and paste into it this code.

require "sinatra"
require 'plivo'

include Plivo::XML

get "/receive_call/" do
  response = Response.new
  speak_body = 'Hello, you just received your first call'
  response.addSpeak(speak_body)
  xml = PlivoXML.new(response)

  content_type "application/xml"
  return xml.to_s()
end

Save the file and run it.

$ ruby receive_call.rb

You should see your basic server application in action at http://localhost:4567/receive_call/.

Expose your local server to the internet

To receive incoming calls, your local server must connect with Plivo API services. For that, we recommend using ngrok, which exposes local servers running behind NATs and firewalls to the public internet over secure tunnels. Using ngrok, you can set webhooks that can talk to the Plivo server.

Run ngrok on the command line, specifying the port that hosts the application on which you want to receive calls (80 in this case):

$ ./ngrok http 80

This starts the ngrok server on your local server. Ngrok will display a forwarding link that you can use as a webhook to access your local server over the public network.

Create a Plivo application to receive calls

Associate the Rails application you created with Plivo by creating a Plivo application. Visit Voice > Applications and click Add New Application. You can also use Plivo’s Application API.

Give your application a name — we called ours Receive_call. Enter the server URL you want to use (for example https://<yourdomain>.com/receive_call/) in the Primary Answer URL field and set the method to POST. Click Create Application to save your application.

Assign a Plivo number to your application

Navigate to the Numbers page and select the phone number you want to use for this application.

From the Application Type drop-down, select XML Application.

From the Plivo Application drop-down, select Receive_call (the name we gave the application).

Click Update Number to save.

Test

Make a call to your Plivo number using any phone.

Forward an incoming call

Plivo requests an answer URL when the call is answered (step 4) and expects the file at that address to hold a valid XML response from the application with instructions on how to handle the call. In this example, when an incoming call is received, Plivo forwards the call using the Dial XML element.

You must have a voice-enabled Plivo phone number to receive incoming calls; you can rent numbers from the Numbers page of the Plivo console, or by using the Numbers API.

Set up a Sinatra server to forward calls

Create a file called forward_call.rb and paste into it this code.

require 'rubygems'
require 'plivo'

include Plivo::XML
include Plivo::Exceptions

begin
  response = Response.new
  dial = response.addDial()
  dial.addNumber("<destination_number>")
  xml = PlivoXML.new(response)

  content_type "application/xml"
  return xml.to_s()
end

Replace the destination number placeholder with an actual phone number (for example, 12025551234).

If you haven’t done so already, expose your local server to the internet.

Create a Plivo application to forward calls

Associate the Ruby application you created with Plivo by creating a Plivo application. Visit Voice > Applications in the Plivo console and click on Add New Application, or use Plivo’s Application API.

Give your application a name — we called ours Forward Call. Enter the server URL you want to use (for example https://<yourdomain>.com/forward_call/) in the Answer URL field and set the method to POST. Click Create Application to save your application.

Assign a Plivo number to your application

Navigate to the Numbers page and select the phone number you want to use for this application.

From the Application Type drop-down, select XML Application.

From the Plivo Application drop-down, select Forward Call (the name we gave the application).

Click Update Number to save.

Test

Make a call to your Plivo number using any phone. Plivo will send a request to the answer URL you provided requesting an XML response and then forward the call according to the instructions in the XML document the server provides.

More use cases

We illustrate more than 20 use cases with code for both API/XML and PHLO on our documentation pages.

Ruby Rails

Get Started with Ruby on Rails Framework

Start by signing up for a free trial account that you can use to experiment with and learn about our services. The free trial account comes with free credits, and you can add more as you go along. You can also add a phone number to your account to start testing the full range of our voice and SMS features. A page in our support portal walks you through the signup process.

You can start making and receiving calls either by using our PHLO visual workflow builder or our APIs and XML documents. Follow the instructions in one of the tabs below.

Using PHLO

Set up your Ruby on Rails dev environment

You must install Plivo’s Ruby SDK and Rails and create a Rails project before you make your first call.

Install Rails and create a Rails project

Install Rails.

$ gem install rails
$ rails new plivotest

This command creates a plivotest directory with the necessary folders and files for development.

Install the Plivo Ruby SDK

Edit your application’s Gemfile and add the line

gem 'plivo', '~> 4.24.0'

Then install the Plivo Ruby gem into the bundle.

$ bundle install

Make your first outbound call

You can create and deploy a PHLO to make an outbound call with a few clicks on the PHLO canvas, and trigger it with some simple code.

Create the PHLO

To create a PHLO, visit the PHLO page of the Plivo console. If this is your first PHLO, the PHLO page will be empty.

• Click Create New PHLO.

• In the Choose your use case pop-up, click Build my own. The PHLO canvas will appear with the Start node.

  Note: The Start node is the starting point of any PHLO. It lets you trigger a PHLO to start upon one of three actions: incoming SMS message, incoming call, or API request.

• From the list of components on the left side, drag and drop the Initiate Call component onto the canvas. When a component is placed on the canvas it becomes a node.

• Draw a line to connect the Start node’s API Request trigger state to the Initiate Call node.

• In the Configuration pane at the right of the canvas, configure the Initiate Call node with a caller ID in the From field. Enter the destination number you wish to call in the To field.

  Note: You can define a static payload by specifying values when you create the PHLO, or define a dynamic payload by passing values through Liquid templating parameters when you trigger the PHLO from your application.

• Once you’ve configured the node, click Validate to save the configuration.

• Similarly, create a node from the Play Audio component. Connect the Initiate Call node to the Play Audio node using the Answered trigger state.

• Configure the Play Audio node to play a message to the user by entering text in the Speak Text box in the Prompt section of the Configuration pane — for example, “Hello, you just received your first call.”

• Connect the Initiate Call node’s Answered trigger state to the Play Audio node.

• After you complete the configuration, give the PHLO a name by clicking in the upper left, then click Save.

Your PHLO is now ready to test.

Trigger the PHLO

You integrate a PHLO into your application workflow by making an API request to trigger the PHLO with the required payload — the set of parameters you pass to the PHLO. You can define a static payload by specifying values when you create the PHLO, or define a dynamic payload by passing values through parameters when you trigger the PHLO from your application.

In either case, you need your Auth ID and Auth Token, which you can get from the overview page of the Plivo console.

You also need the PHLO ID, which you can copy from the PHLO list page.

Create a Rails controller

Change to the project directory and run this command to create a Rails controller for outbound calls.

$ rails generate controller Plivo voice

This command generates a controller named plivo_controller in the app/controllers/ directory and a respective view in app/views/plivo. We can delete the view as we don’t need it.

$ rm app/views/plivo/voice.html.erb

With a static payload

When you configure values when creating the PHLO, they act as a static payload.

Code

Edit app/controllers/plivo_controller.rb and paste into it this code.

require 'rubygems'
require 'plivo'

include Plivo

AUTH_ID = '<auth_id>'
AUTH_TOKEN = '<auth_token>'

client = Phlo.new(AUTH_ID, AUTH_TOKEN)

# if credentials are stored in the PLIVO_AUTH_ID and the PLIVO_AUTH_TOKEN environment variables
# then initialize client as:
# client = Phlo.new

begin
  phlo = client.phlo.get('<phlo_id>')
  response = phlo.run()
  puts response
rescue PlivoRESTError => e
  puts 'Exception: ' + e.message
end

Replace the auth placeholders with your authentication credentials from the Plivo console. Replace the phlo_id placeholder with your PHLO ID from the Plivo console.

With a dynamic payload

To use dynamic values for the parameters, use Liquid templating parameters when you create the PHLO and pass the values from your code when you trigger it.

Code

Edit app/controllers/plivo_controller.rb and paste into it this code.

require 'rubygems'
require 'plivo'

include Plivo

AUTH_ID = '<auth_id>'
AUTH_TOKEN = '<auth_token>'

client = Phlo.new(AUTH_ID, AUTH_TOKEN)

# if credentials are stored in the PLIVO_AUTH_ID and the PLIVO_AUTH_TOKEN environment variables
# then initialize client as:
# client = Phlo.new

begin
  phlo = client.phlo.get('<phlo_id>')
  params = {
     from: '<caller_id>',
     to: '<destination_number>'
  }
  response = phlo.run(params)
  puts response
rescue PlivoRESTError => e
  puts 'Exception: ' + e.message
end

Replace the auth placeholders with your authentication credentials from the Plivo console. Replace the phlo_id placeholder with your PHLO ID from the Plivo console. Replace the phone number placeholders with actual phone numbers in E.164 format (for example, [phone]).

Add a route

Add a route for the outbound function in the PlivoController class. Edit config/routes.rb and change the line

get 'plivo/voice'

to

get 'plivo/outbound'

Test

Run your code.

$ rails server

Receive your first inbound call

You can create and deploy a PHLO to receive an inbound call with a few clicks on the PHLO canvas, without writing a single line of code.

Prerequisite

To receive incoming calls, you must have a voice-enabled Plivo phone number. You can rent numbers from the Numbers page of the Plivo console, or by using the Numbers API.

Create the PHLO

To create a PHLO, visit the PHLO page of the Plivo console. If this is your first PHLO, the PHLO page will be empty.

• Click Create New PHLO.
• In the Choose your use case pop-up, click Build my own. The PHLO canvas will appear with the Start node.
  Note: The Start node is the starting point of any PHLO. It lets you trigger a PHLO to start upon one of three actions: incoming SMS message, incoming call, or API request.

• From the list of components on the left side, drag and drop the Play Audio component onto the canvas. When a component is placed on the canvas it becomes a node.
• Draw a line to connect the Start node’s Incoming Call trigger state to the Play Audio node.
• In the Configuration pane at the right of the canvas, configure the Play Audio node to play a message to the caller.
• Once you’ve configured the node, click Validate to save the configuration.
• Give the PHLO a name by clicking in the upper left, then click Save.

Assign the PHLO to a Plivo number

Once you’ve created and configured your PHLO, assign it to a Plivo number.

• On the Numbers page of the console, under Your Numbers, click the phone number you want to use for the PHLO.
• In the Number Configuration box, select PHLO from the Application Type drop-down.
• From the PHLO Name drop-down, select the PHLO you want to use with the number, then click Update Number.

Test

You can now make a call to your Plivo phone number and see how the inbound call is handled.

For more information about creating a PHLO application, see the PHLO Getting Started guide. For information on components and their variables, see the PHLO Components Library.

Forward an inbound call

You can create and deploy a workflow to implement call forwarding with a few clicks on the PHLO canvas.

Prerequisite

To receive incoming calls, you must have a voice-enabled Plivo phone number. You can rent numbers from the Numbers page of the Plivo console, or by using the Numbers API.

Create the PHLO

To create a PHLO, visit the PHLO page of the Plivo console. If this is your first PHLO, the PHLO page will be empty.

• Click Create New PHLO.

• In the Choose your use case pop-up, click Build my own. The PHLO canvas will appear with the Start node.

  Note: The Start node is the starting point of any PHLO. It lets you trigger a PHLO to start upon one of three actions: incoming SMS message, incoming call, or API request.

• From the list of components on the left side, drag and drop the Call Forward component onto the canvas. When a component is placed on the canvas it becomes a node.

• Draw a line to connect the Start node‘s Incoming Call trigger state to the Call Forward node.

• In the Configuration tab at the right of the canvas, configure the Call Forward node to select the From number using a variable. Enter two curly brackets to view all available variables, and choose the appropriate one. Enter all the numbers you want to call in the To field, separated with commas.

• Once you’ve configured the node, click Validate to save the configuration.

• Give the PHLO a name by clicking in the upper left, then click Save.

Assign the PHLO to a Plivo number

Once you’ve created and configured your PHLO, assign your PHLO to a Plivo number.

• On the Numbers page of the console, under Your Numbers, click the phone number you want to use for the PHLO.
• In the Number Configuration box, select PHLO from the Application Type drop-down.
• From the PHLO Name drop-down, select the PHLO you want to use with the phone number, then click Update Number.

Test

You can now call your Plivo phone number and see how the inbound call is forwarded.

For more information about creating a PHLO application, see the PHLO Getting Started guide. For information on components and their variables, see the PHLO Components Library.

More use cases

We illustrate more than 20 use cases with code for both PHLO and API/XML on our documentation pages.

Using XML

Install Ruby, Rails, and the Plivo Ruby SDK

You must set up and install Ruby, Rails, and Plivo’s Ruby SDK before you make your first call.

Install Ruby

Download and install Ruby from its official site.

Install Rails

$ gem install rails

Create a Rails project

Create a Rails project to autogenerate code in the Ruby on Rails folder structure.

$ rails new plivotest

This command creates a plivotest directory with the necessary folders and files for development.

Install the Plivo Ruby SDK

Edit the Gemfile and add this line.

gem 'plivo', '~> 4.24.0'

Then install the Plivo Ruby gem into the bundle.

$ bundle install

Once you’ve set up your development environment, you can start making and receiving calls using our APIs and XML documents. Here are three common use cases to get you started.

Make your first outbound call

Plivo requests an answer URL when the call is answered (step 4) and expects the file at that address to hold a valid XML response from the application with instructions on how to handle the call. To see how this works, you can use https://s3.amazonaws.com/static.plivo.com/answer.xml as an answer URL to test your first outgoing call. The file contains this XML code:

<Response>
<Speak>Congratulations! You've made your first outbound call!</Speak>
</Response>

This code instructs Plivo to say, “Congratulations! You’ve made your first outbound call!” to the call recipient. You can find the entire list of valid Plivo XML verbs in our XML Reference documentation.

Create a Rails controller to handle outbound calls

Run this command in the project directory.

$ rails generate controller Plivo voice

This command generates a controller named plivo_controller in the app/controllers/ directory and a respective view in the app/views/plivo directory. We can delete the view as we don’t need it.

$ rm app/views/plivo/voice.html.erb

Edit app/controllers/plivo_controller.rb and paste into it this code.

include Plivo
include Plivo::Exceptions

class PlivoController < ApplicationController
 def outbound
   api = RestClient.new("<auth_id>","<auth_token>")
   response = api.calls.create(
     '<caller_id>',
     ['<destination_number>'],
     'https://s3.amazonaws.com/static.plivo.com/answer.xml'
   )
   puts response
   render json: response.to_s
 end
end

Replace the auth placeholders with your authentication credentials from the Plivo console. Replace the phone number placeholders with actual phone numbers in E.164 format (for example, [phone]).

Note: We recommend that you store your credentials in the auth_id and auth_token environment variables to avoid the possibility of accidentally committing them to source control. If you do this, you can initialize the client with no arguments and Plivo will automatically fetch the values from the environment variables. You can use ENV to store environment variables and retrieve them when initializing the client.

Add a route

Edit config/routes.rb and change the line

get 'plivo/voice'

to

get 'plivo/outbound'

Test

Run your code.

$ rails server

Receive your first inbound call

Plivo requests an answer URL when it answers the call (step 2) and expects the file at that address to hold a valid XML response from the application with instructions on how to handle the call. In this example, when an incoming call is received, Plivo’s text-to-speech engine plays a message using the Speak XML element.

You must have a voice-enabled Plivo phone number to receive incoming calls; you can rent numbers from the Numbers page of the Plivo console, or by using the Numbers API.

Set up a Rails server to handle incoming calls

Edit app/controllers/plivo_controller.rb and paste this code into the PlivoController class after the outbound function.

def inbound
   response = Response.new
   speak_body = 'Hello, you just received your first call'
   response.addSpeak(speak_body)

   xml = Plivo::PlivoXML.new(response)
   render xml: xml.to_xml
 end

Add a route

Edit config/routes.rb and and add this line after the outbound route.

get 'plivo/inbound'

Run your code.

$ rails server

You should see your basic server application in action at http://localhost:3000/plivo/inbound/.

Expose your local server to the internet

To receive incoming calls, your local server must connect with Plivo API services. For that, we recommend using ngrok, which exposes local servers running behind NATs and firewalls to the public internet over secure tunnels. Using ngrok, you can set webhooks that can talk to the Plivo server.

Note: Before starting the service, add ngrok in the config.hosts list in the config/environments/development.rb file in your project. You will see Blocked host errors if you fail to do this.

# Whitelist ngrok domain
config.hosts << /[a-z0-9]+\.ngrok\.io/

Run ngrok on the command line, specifying the port that hosts the application on which you want to receive calls (3000 in this case):

$ ./ngrok http 3000

This starts the ngrok server on your local server. Ngrok will display a forwarding link that you can use as a webhook to access your local server over the public network.

You can check the application in action at https://021bf9953e9f.ngrok.io/plivo/inbound/ and check the XML response.

Create a Plivo application to receive calls

Associate the Rails application you created with Plivo by creating a Plivo application. Visit Voice > Applications and click Add New Application. You can also use Plivo’s Application API.

Give your application a name — we called ours Receive_call. Enter the server URL you want to use (for example https://<yourdomain>.com/receive_call/) in the Primary Answer URL field and set the method to POST. Click Create Application to save your application.

Assign a Plivo number to your application

Navigate to the Numbers page and select the phone number you want to use for this application.

From the Application Type drop-down, select XML Application.

From the Plivo Application drop-down, select Receive_call (the name we gave the application).

Click Update Number to save.

Test

Make a call to your Plivo number using any phone.

Forward an incoming call

Plivo requests an answer URL when the call is answered (step 4) and expects the file at that address to hold a valid XML response from the application with instructions on how to handle the call. In this example, when an incoming call is received, Plivo forwards the call using the Dial XML element.

You must have a voice-enabled Plivo phone number to receive incoming calls; you can rent numbers from the Numbers page of the Plivo console, or by using the Numbers API.

Set up a Rails server to forward calls

Edit app/controllers/plivo_controller.rb and paste this code into the PlivoController class after the inbound function we added earlier.

def forward
   response = Response.new
   dial = response.addDial()
   dest_number = "<destination_number>"
   dial.addNumber(dest_number)

   xml = PlivoXML.new(response)
   puts xml.to_xml
   render xml: xml.to_xml
 end

Replace the destination number placeholder with an actual phone number (for example, 12025551234).

Add a route

Edit config/routes.rb and and add this line after the inbound route.

get 'plivo/forward'

If you haven’t done so already, expose your local server to the internet.

Create a Plivo application to forward calls

Associate the Ruby application you created with Plivo by creating a Plivo application. Visit Voice > Applications in the Plivo console and click on Add New Application, or use Plivo’s Application API.

Give your application a name — we called ours Forward Call. Enter the server URL you want to use (for example https://<yourdomain>.com/forward_call/) in the Answer URL field and set the method to POST. Click Create Application to save your application.

Assign a Plivo number to your application

Navigate to the Numbers page and select the phone number you want to use for this application.

From the Application Type drop-down, select XML Application.

From the Plivo Application drop-down, select Forward Call (the name we gave the application).

Click Update Number to save.

Test

Make a call to your Plivo number using any phone. Plivo will send a request to the answer URL you provided requesting an XML response and then forward the call according to the instructions in the XML document the server provides.

More use cases

We illustrate more than 20 use cases with code for both API/XML and PHLO on our documentation pages.